To pass the BCMSN exam and earn your CCNP, you've got to know HSRP inside and out! Part of that is knowing how the MAC address of the virtual router is derived, and another part is knowing how to change this address. We'll look at both features in this tutorial.
Laptop Battery We've got two routers on a segment running HSRP, so first we need to find out what the MAC address of the HSRP virtual router is. The show command for HSRP is show standby, and it's the first command you should run while configuring and troubleshooting HSRP. Let's run it on both routers and compare results.
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Thinkpad R2#show standby
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Microsoft Ethernet0 - Group 5
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Laptop Computers Local state is Standby, priority 100
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Laptop Computer Hellotime 3 sec, holdtime 10 sec
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Desktop Computer Next hello sent in 0.776
Notebooks Virtual IP address is 172.12.23.10 configured
Lenovo Active router is 172.12.23.3, priority 100 expires in 9.568
Hard Drive Standby router is local
Travelstar 1 state changes, last state change 00:00:22
Gateway R3#show standby
Laptop Parts Ethernet0 - Group 5
Software Local state is Active, priority 100
Hard Drives Hellotime 3 sec, holdtime 10 sec
Electronics Next hello sent in 2.592
Canon Virtual IP address is 172.12.23.10 configured
Desktop Pc Active router is local
Desktop Computers Standby router is 172.12.23.2 expires in 8.020
Think Pad Virtual mac address is 0000.0c07.ac05
Repair 2 state changes, last state change 00:02:08
Data Recovery R3 is in Active state, while R2 is in Standby. The hosts are using the 172.12.123.10 address as their gateway, but R3 is actually handling the workload. R2 will take over if R3 becomes unavailable.
Cisco An IP address was statically assigned to the virtual router, but not a MAC address. However, there is a MAC address under the show standby output on R3, the active router. How did the HSRP process arrive at a MAC of 00-00-0c-07-ac-05?
Keyboard Well, most of the work is already done before the configuration is even begun. The MAC address 00-00-0c-07-ac-xx is reserved for HSRP, and xx is the group number in hexadecimal. That's a good skill to have for the exam, so make sure you're comfortable with hex conversions. The group number is 5, which is expressed as 05 with a two-bit hex character. If the group number had been 17, we'd see 11 at the end of the MAC address - one unit of 16, one unit of 1.
Monitor On rare occasions, you may have to change the MAC address assigned to the virtual router. This is done with the standby mac-address command. Just make sure you're not duplicating a MAC address that's already on your network!
Desktop R2(config-if)#standby 5 mac-address 0000.1111.2222
Infosys
1d12h: %STANDBY-6-STATECHANGE: Ethernet0 Group 5 state Active -> Learn
Refurbished Laptops
R2#show standby
Wipro Ethernet0 - Group 5
Lap Top Local state is Active, priority 150, may preempt
Refurbished Hellotime 4 sec, holdtime 12 sec
Memory Next hello sent in 3.476
Intel Virtual IP address is 172.12.23.10 configured
As400 Active router is local
Averatec Standby router is 172.12.23.3 expires in 10.204
Hardware Virtual mac address is 0000.1111.2222 configured
Dual Xeon 4 state changes, last state change 00:00:00
Storage
1d12h: %STANDBY-6-STATECHANGE: Ethernet0 Group 5 state Listen -> Active
Seagate The MAC address will take a few seconds to change, and the HSRP routers will go into Learn state for that time period.
Computer Sales A real-world HSRP troubleshooting note: If you see constant state changes with your HSRP configuration, do what you should always do when troubleshooting - check the physical layer first. Best of luck on your BCMSN exam!
Computer Hardware
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