Ever since you picked up your first CCNA book, you've heard about multicasting, gotten a fair idea of what it is, and you've memorized a couple of reserved multicasting addresses. Now as you prepare to pass the BCMSN exam and become a CCNP, you've got to take that knowledge to the next level and gain a true understanding of multicasting. Those of you with an eye on the CCIE will truly have to become multicasting experts!
Laptop Battery Having said that, we're going to briefly review the basics of multicasting first, and then future tutorials will look at the different ways in which multicasting can be configured on Cisco routers and switches.
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Thinkpad What Is Multicasting?
Interesting traffic brings the link up; by default, any traffic can cross the link once it's up; a lack of interesting traffic is what brings the link down. In Part II of this tutorial, we'll take a look at some common scenarios that make the ISDN link stay up, and what can be done about it. Chris Bryant, 12933, is the owner of The Bryant Advantage ( //www.thebryantadvantage.com), home of free CCNA and CCNP tutorials, The Ultimate CCNA Study Package, Ultimate CCNP Study Packages, and CCNA CBT video training. Pass the CCNA exam, BSCI exam, and BCMSN exam with Chris Bryant, 12933!
Microsoft A unicast is data that is sent from one host to another, while a broadcast is data sent from a host that is destined for "all" host addresses. By "all", we can mean all hosts on a subnet, or truly all hosts on a network.
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Laptop Computers There's a quite a bit of a middle ground there! A multicast is that middle ground, as a multicast is data that is sent to a logical group of hosts, called a multicast group. Hosts that are not part of the multicast group will not receive the data.
Configure the DNS service to publish specific IP addresses to the DNS zone. To do so, IP address [IP address] blank This modification specifies the IP addresses that you want to publish for the computer. The DNS server creates A records only for the addresses in this list. If this entry does not appear in the registry, or if its value is blank, the DNS server creates an A record for each of the computer's IP addresses.
Laptop Computer Some other basic multicasting facts:
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Desktop Computer There's no limit on how many multicast groups a single host can belong to.
Notebooks The sender is usually unaware of what host devices belong to the multicast group.
Lenovo Multicast traffic is unidirectional. If the members of the multicast group need to respond, that reply will generally be a unicast.
Hard Drive The range of IP addresses reserved for multicasting is the Class D range, 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255.
Travelstar That range contains a couple of other reserved address ranges.
Gateway 224.0.0.0 - 224.0.0.255 is reserved for network protocols only on a local network segment. Packets in this range will not be forwarded by routers, so these packets cannot leave the segment.
Laptop Parts Just as Class A, Class B, and Class C networks have private address ranges, so does Class D. The Class D private address range is 239.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255. Like the other private ranges, these addresses can't be routed, so they can be reused from one network to another.
Software The remaining addresses fall between 224.0.1.0 and 238.255.255.255. That's the "normal" range of multicast addresses. These addresses can be routed, so they must be unique and should not be duplicated from one network to the next.
Hard Drives In my next BCMSN / CCNP multicasting tutorial, we'll take a look at the different ways in which Cisco routers and switches interact to forward multicast traffic.
Electronics
Canon Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933, is the owner of The Bryant Advantage (http://www.thebryantadvantage.com), home of free CCNA and CCNP tutorials, The Ultimate CCNA Study Package, Ultimate CCNP Study Packages, and CCNA CBT video training. Pass the CCNA exam ,BSCI exam , and BCMSN exam with Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933!
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